Genetics Of Families With Alzheimer s Disease - 1345 Words

Similarly, another study focusing on several families with EOAD identified a locus on chromosome 14 that is linked with Alzheimer’s disease, which was shown to be an autosomal dominant trait (Schellenberg et al., 1992). Figure 3 illustrates the map of the chromosome 14 markers. D14S43 was found to be a strongly positive marker in chromosome 14 for EOAD (Schellenberg et al., 1992). This illustrates that, although chromosome 21 if often the main focus of AD researchers, chromosome 14 also plays a large role in the development of the disease. In summary, chromosome 21 holds the loci responsible for APP and AÃŽ ², causing it to be a main genetic factor in the development of EOAD. Nevertheless, chromosome 14 also is responsible for the autosomal dominant trait in FAD. Several mechanisms are present that lead to the development of AD in the genetics of families with a history of this disorder. This may lead to more difficult treatments for FAD. Objective 3: Epigenetic Causes Although genetics do play a large role in EOAD, late onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) seems to be influenced more by epigenetic drifts. Unlike EOAD, LOAD appears somewhat sporadically and displays many non-Mendelian characteristics. These include, but are not limited to, low patterns of familial diagnosis, unequal susceptibility in men and women, and a variance in DNA methylation (which plays a larger role in epigenetic modifications) between non-AD and AD subjects (Wang et al., 2008). 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